© Tucker Bair

Tucker Bai

架构师提供的文本描述。克拉克艺术学院(Clark Art Institute)正处于校园转型扩张计划的最后阶段，该项目增加了新的设施，以支持博物馆和学术项目的发展，提高游客体验，改善校园内的流通，并在140英亩的土地上创造新的可持续性水平。该项目的重点是为游客和学者提供更好的设施，并强调克拉克对其场地的环境管理。

Text description provided by the architects. The Clark Art Institute is in its final phase of a transformational campus expansion program that adds new facilities to support the growth of museum and academic programs, enhances the visitor experience, improves circulation throughout the campus, and creates new levels of sustainability across its 140 acres. The program focuses on providing superior facilities for the benefit of visitors and scholars and underscores the Clark’s environmental stewardship of its grounds.

 © Tucker Bair

Tucker Bai

项目概况

Project Overview

该项目是在库珀·罗伯逊制定总体计划后于2001年启动的。

The project was initiated in 2001 after the creation of a master plan by Cooper, Robertson & Partners that reconceived the campus. Accomplished through a phased approach, the project includes:

-在斯通山建造林德中心(2008年完成)

- construction of the Lunder Center at Stone Hill (completed in 2008)

-建造新的克拉克中心

- construction of the new Clark Center

-博物馆大楼的翻修和展览厅的扩建

- renovation of the Museum Building and expansion of galleries

-正在翻修曼顿研究中心

- ongoing renovation of the Manton Research Center

-重新设计和重新配置克拉克的场地

- redesign and reconfiguration of the Clark’s grounds

-拆除现有的实体厂房

- demolition of an existing physical plant building

-建造新的低级物理工厂设施(2012年完成)

- construction of new below-grade physical plant facilities (completed in 2012)

-全面的工地工作计划

- comprehensive sitework package

-安装两英里以上的步道

- installation of more than two miles of walking trails

克拉克的整个140英亩的校园被更新和加强，引进了四英里的新步道，五座新的人行天桥，以及一千多棵新树。但景观的焦点是一组层次分明的反射池。

The Clark’s entire 140-acre campus is renewed and enhanced by the introduction of four miles of new walking trails, five new pedestrian bridges, and more than a thousand new trees. But the focal point of the landscape is a set of tiered reflecting pools.

 Landscape Masterplan. Image © Reed Hilderbrand

景观规划。形象(里德·希尔德布兰德)

里德·希尔德布兰德景观建筑设计了这些水池，以及它们的级联、草坪堤坝和垫脚石，把内部校园的建筑精致与石山草甸的田园清扫、圣诞小溪及其湿地的蜿蜒结合在一起。为了满足克拉克和社区的环境和经验目标，水池需要适合该地区的地形、水文和栖息地。

Reed Hilderbrand Landscape Architecture designed the pools, with their cascades, lawn embankments, and stepping stones to knit together the architectural refinement of the inner campus with the pastoral sweep of Stone Hill Meadow and the meander of Christmas Brook and its wetlands. In order to meet the environmental and experiential goals of the Clark and the community, the pools needed to fit into the site’s topography, hydrology, and habitat.

 © Tucker Bair

Tucker Bai

由建筑师安藤忠雄(TadaoAndo)构想的校园及其周边环境的统一元素，将克拉克中心(Clark Center)、博物馆大楼(Manton Research Center)、曼顿研究中心(Manton Research Center)以及其他各种景观的不同建筑特征统一组合在一起。克拉克中心露台俯瞰最上面的游泳池，这反映了湿地和林地的看法以外，当游客到达。

Conceived by architect Tadao Ando as a unifying element for the campus and its surroundings, the pools orchestrate a unified composition among the diverse architectural characters of the Clark Center, the Museum Building, the Manton Research Center, and the varied landscape beyond. The Clark Center terraces overlook the uppermost pool, which reflects views of wetlands and woodland beyond as visitors arrive.

 © Tucker Bair

Tucker Bai

整个水池将中央校园的栽培草坪与石山草甸的牧场和复杂的溪流网络联系在一起，形成了该地区的排水系统和栖息地。草地散步和堤坝线之间的游泳池。水从一个水池穿过花岗岩堰，然后再通过一个系统进行循环利用，该系统集成了降雨捕获、雨水管理、景观灌溉和建筑系统，包括气候控制和厕所冲洗。

The entirety of the pools links the cultivated lawns of the central campus with the pastures of the Stone Hill meadow and the intricate network of streams that define the site’s drainage systems and shape its habitat. Lawn walks and embankments thread between the pools. Water cascades through granite weirs from one pool to the next and then is recycled through a system that integrates rainfall capture, stormwater management, landscape irrigation, and building systems, including climate control and toilet flushing.

 © Tucker Bair

Tucker Bai

关键景观特征

Key Landscape Features

-反射池的业务量为284，000加仑水，面积42，000平方英尺(约1英亩)，平均深度13英寸

- Operational volume for reflecting pools is 284,000 gallons of water over an area of 42,000 square feet (approximately 1 acre) at an average depth of 13 inches

-每分钟有2000加仑的水流经水池

- 2000 gallons of water flow through the pools each minute

-学校池塘区得到改善，画廊的景观得到改善

- Schow Pond area enhanced and views from galleries improved

-在最后阶段增加了500棵树；总共种植了1150棵新树

- 500 trees added in final phase; 1150 new trees planted overall

-对4英里长的步道进行升级和扩建，包括5座人行天桥

- Upgrades and extensions to 4 miles of walking trails, including 5 pedestrian bridges

-398个园景停车场，包括154个溢出草地空间和69个多孔沥青空间

- Landscaped parking for 398, including 154 overflow meadow spaces and 69 porous asphalt spaces

-移除入侵植物

- Invasive plant species removed

-自2005年以来建造了1.5英里的新驱动器

- 1.5 miles of new drives built since 2005

-80英亩校园保留为林地

- 80 acres of the campus maintained as woodland

-49英亩校园管理为本地草甸

- 49 acres of the campus managed as native meadow

-15英亩的校园被保护为湿地和水道

- 15 acres of the campus protected as wetland and waterway

-10个草地雨水花园捕获和处理径流

- 10 meadow rain gardens capture and treat runoff

 © Jonas Dovydenas

乔纳斯·多维德纳斯

sustainability持续性，能维持性，永续性

Sustainablity

为克拉克设计的水管理系统是以分层水池为突出代表的，其目的是通过景观和建筑水源的相互连接，减少扩大后的校园的总用水量。这一系统将被认为是废水的水转化为一种资源；平衡通过现场渗透重建地下水的需要和抵消建筑物内饮用水使用的愿望；并通过谨慎地缓解暴雨事件和径流，改善周围湿地和溪流的健康和性能。

The water management system designed for the Clark, prominently represented by the tiered pools, was conceived to reduce total water consumption for the expanded campus through the interconnection of landscape and building water sources. This system transforms what would have been considered wastewater into a resource; balances the need to rebuild groundwater through infiltration on site with the desire to offset potable water use in the building; and improves the health and performance of surrounding wetlands and streams through careful mitigation of storm events and runoff.

 © Kris Qua

(Kris Qua)

在首次设计研究的基础上，对景观中的总节水量进行了初步的建模，预测了景观中不存在饮用水消耗。作为构建的性能建模即将到来。克拉克还选择委托整个景观，就像建造机械系统一样，以提高和评估其所有景观特征和资产的绩效，并为今后的项目提供一个模式。

Original modeling of total water savings, based on a first design study, forecast no potable water consumption in the landscape. As-built performance modeling is forthcoming. The Clark has also elected to commission the entire landscape, as one does for building mechanical systems, to enhance and evaluate the performance of all of its landscape features and assets and to provide a model for future projects.

 © Tucker Bair

Tucker Bai

通过紧密合作，设计团队创建了一个综合水文系统，将所有校园建筑与反射池和景观连接起来。该系统采用各种收集技术(排水渠、管道)和储存技术(水库、储罐)，收集地基水以及雨水，并将其输送到反射池中。收集的水也用于灌溉，管道(厕所的灰色水)，以及冷却塔的补水。

Through intense collaboration, the design team created an integrated hydrological system that links all of the campus buildings to the reflecting pool and landscape. Using various harvesting techniques (drains, pipes) and storage techniques (reservoirs, tanks), the system collects foundation water, as well as rainwater, and funnels it into the reflecting pool. Collected water is also used for irrigation, plumbing (gray water for the toilets), and for makeup water for the cooling tower.

 © Tucker Bair

Tucker Bai

-在泳池的三层楼和人工湿地中，下游的污水经过了最底层的净化，确保没有污染物进入流经下校区的小溪。

- Downstream discharge is biologically cleansed in the lowest of the pool’s three tiers and its constructed wetlands, assuring that no contaminants enter the brook that flows across the lower campus.

-在校园内安装了7口地热能井，使克拉克的电力和供暖资源消耗减少了28%。

- A series of seven geothermal wells installed on the campus reduces the Clark’s consumption of electricity and heating resources by 28 percent.

-水池还连接到屋顶收集池，收集雨水，供校园冷却塔和水库使用，并利用这些不可饮用的灰水进行管道和灌溉。

- The pool also connects to cisterns fed by rooftop collection basins that capture rainwater for use in the campus’s cooling tower and reservoir and utilizes that nonpotable greywater for plumbing and irrigation.

-与克拉克中心和反射池建造之前相比，校园每年将减少100万加仑的水。该项目的设计目标是减少50%的用水，而不是将开发前的用水量增加一倍。

- The campus will use one million fewer gallons of water annually than it did before the Clark Center and reflecting pool were constructed. Rather than doubling the pre-development water usage, the project is designed to achieve a 50 percent reduction.

-绿色屋顶，可调光照明系统，以及在校园内安装的7口地热能井，仅仅是将克拉克夫妇的能源消耗减少20%的三种节能策略。

- Green roofs, dimmable lighting systems, and the seven geothermal wells installed on the campus are just three of the energy-saving strategies that reduce the Clark’s energy use by 20 percent.

-设计团队还选择使用再生材料，包括粉煤灰(结构混凝土)和二氧化硅(建筑混凝土)，以及整个项目中10%的再生钢。30%的建筑材料来自当地。

- The design team also elected to use recycled content materials including fly-ash (structural concrete) and silica (architectural concrete), as well as 10 percent recycled steel throughout the project. Thirty percent of all building materials were locally sourced.

-可持续的场地战略包括减少不透水面(并尽量减少传统停车面)和收集雨水供场址替代使用(反射池和灌溉)，以减少场地对环境的影响。

- Sustainable site strategies include reducing impervious surfaces (and minimizing traditional parking surfaces) and harvesting storm water for alternative site use (the reflecting pool and irrigation) to reduce the site’s environmental impact.

-克拉克中心的目标是实现LEED-美国建筑委员会(USGBC)颁发的新建筑银认证。

- The Clark Center aims to achieve LEED – New Construction Silver Certification from the United States Building Council (USGBC).