© Tess Kelly

C.苔丝·凯利

架构师提供的文本描述。概括地说

Text description provided by the architects. In a Nutshell

这个地点附近有许多大房子。我们被要求为家庭提供“合适的空间”。通过创造大的开口和慷慨的连接到花园，我们的目标是使这座中等大小的房子感觉丰富和广阔。其结果是一个几乎只有邻国一半大的家园，而不影响其可居住性。

The site is neighboured by huge houses. We were asked to provide the family with ‘just the right amount of space’. By creating large openings and generous connections to the garden we aimed to make this modest-sized house feel abundant and broad. The result is a home that is almost half the size of its neighbours without compromising liveability.

 © Tess Kelly

C.苔丝·凯利

世界上最大的房子

 The Largest houses in the world

澳大利亚的房屋是世界上最大的。这对澳大利亚来说是一个重大问题。稳定的经济、有抱负的文化和相对平坦的地形使澳大利亚人能够居住比他们所需要的要大得多的房子。墨尔本平坦的地形，松散的地形边界和迅速增长的人口，意味着大房子已经蔓延到食物带和干旱地区。大房子，以及相关的无序扩张，都是个很大的问题。食品、水、电、通信、保健和教育等服务和基础设施在财政和环境方面给公众造成巨大损失。大而深的家庭对澳大利亚城市的气候反应较弱。因此，从根本上增加了对加热和冷却的要求。大型住宅以及随后的扩张对私家车所有权和相关基础设施提出了重大要求，而这是迄今为止最不可持续的交通选择。不能开车的人(老年人、儿童、残疾人等)往往被孤立，没有可靠的替代交通选择。在无规划的地区，步行和骑马变得困难，而且常常是危险的。简而言之，大房子对我们的城市来说是一场环境灾难，同时也是我们社区的一场文化/社会灾难。

Australian homes are the largest in the world. This is a significant problem for Australia. A stable economy, aspirational culture and relatively flat topography have enabled Australians to occupy homes that are far bigger than they require. Melbourne’s flat landscape, loose topographical boundaries and rapidly growing population have meant that large homes have spread over the food belt and into arid areas. Large homes, and their associated sprawl, are highly problematic. Services and infrastructure, such as food, water, electricity, communications, health and education are stretched at great expense to the public, both financially and environmentally. Large, deep homes are less responsive to the climates of Australia’s cities. Therefore heating and cooling demands are radically increased. Large homes, and the subsequent sprawl, place significant demands on private car ownership and associated infrastructure, which is by far the least sustainable transport option. People who are unable to drive (the elderly, children, people with disabilities, etc) are often left isolated without reliable alternative transport options. Walking and riding become difficult, and often dangerous, in sprawl areas. In short, large homes are an environmental disaster for our cities, whilst also being a cultural/social disaster for our communities.

 Floor Plan

住在社区里。

Living with community.

“我们(澳大利亚人)倾向于在私人空间中寻找这些东西，而不是在公共空间中寻找它们，或者与社区中的其他人混在一起，我认为这是一种令人担忧的趋势，”斯图尔特·怀特教授说。

“We (Australians) tend to seek those things in a private space rather than going and seeking them in a public space or mingle with others in the community and I think that is a worrying trend,” Professor Stuart White

 © Tess Kelly

C.苔丝·凯利

和我们许多优秀的客户一样，那所房子的业主们渴望向社区敞开心扉，而不是永久地隐藏或自我设防。随着澳大利亚家庭和文化日益向内看和保护，AMA正在对这一趋势作出反应。那所房子可以向户外开放，无论是私人的还是公共的。重要的是，一个可以非常透明的房子需要能够适应多种隐私需求。因此，我们安装了向上的百叶窗，让业主控制他们的隐私水平。你见过多少次巨大的窗户和他们的百叶窗永久下降？这是因为向下盲目创建的二进制。一个向下的盲人不提供隐私，直到它完全下降。一个向上的盲人使你能够剪掉几乎所有的视野到一个家庭，同时仍然能够看到花园，和街道以外。这样就可以控制所有级别的隐私，以及对进入每个空间的光的亲密控制。

Like many of our wonderful clients, the owners of THAT House are keen to open up to the community rather than permanently hiding or fortifying themselves. As Australian homes and culture become increasingly inward looking and protective, AMA is reacting against this trend. THAT House can open up to the outdoors, both private and public. Importantly a house that can be very transparent needs to be able to adapt to multiple privacy needs. Hence we have installed upwards blinds to give the owners control over their level of privacy. How many times have you seen huge windows with their blinds permanently down? This happens because of the binary a downward blind creates. A downward blind provides no privacy until it is completely down. An upward blind enables you to cut-out almost all view into a home while still being able to look out to the garden, and the street beyond. This gives control over all levels of privacy and intimate control over the light let into each space.

 © Tess Kelly

C.苔丝·凯利

单独在一起。

Alone, together.

我们的大多数项目都是一个人在一起的概念。用最简单的术语来说，我们的目标是在共享空间中有隐秘的空间。我们不是开放式生活的粉丝。我们也避免完全包围房间或功能。我们试图使每个空间的连接适应和松散。该大厦的底层表面上是开放的，但空间的安排允许业主在一起，或与世隔绝，或任何级别之间的接触。例如，有人可以在书房里安静地看书，而另一个家庭成员则在休息区看漫画，另外两个人则在餐桌上讨论足球。他们是在一个大的，共享的区域，但这不是一个嘈杂的开放计划，也不是一系列封闭的细胞。那所房子使居民们能够随心所欲地在任何时候与家人订婚或被逐出家门。

Running through most of our projects is the concept of being alone, together. In its simplest terms, we aim to have secluded spaces within shared spaces. We’re not fans of open-plan living. We also avoid completely enclosing rooms or functions. We try to make the connection of each space adaptable and loose. The ground floor of THAT House is ostensibly open, however the arrangement of spaces allows the owners to be together, or secluded, or any level of engagement in between. For example, someone could be quietly reading in the study, whilst another family member watches cartoons in the sitting space, and two others are discussing football at the dining table. They are within a large, shared area, however it is not a noisy open plan, nor is it a series of enclosed cells. THAT House enables the residents to be as engaged or as removed from the family as much as they wish, at any time.

如果你的空间能适应你的心情，天气，时间和使用，那么你就不需要很多房间了。适应性强的、复杂的区域使我们能够最大限度地利用我们的空间，同时使我们的家保持适度的规模，并使我们能够拥有大型的、连接良好的室外空间和花园。

If your spaces can adapt to suit your mood, the weather, time of day and usage, then you don’t need numerous rooms. Adaptable, complex areas allow us to make the most of our space, while keeping our homes modest in size and enabling us to have large, well-connected outdoor spaces and gardens.

 © Tess Kelly

C.苔丝·凯利

让我们明确一点，那所房子不是一个小房子。这不是一个解决方案，也不是澳大利亚住房的“新原型”。然而，在它的范围内，豪斯是违抗和抵抗。这座房子是一种有意识的努力，目的是建造一个几乎是其邻居一半的建筑面积，但在空间类型、功能和质量方面却没有妥协。没有足够的东西，或者留下你以后可能需要的东西的焦虑，是一种真正的恐惧。然而，有了良好的设计和规划，规模适中的住宅就不会妥协。事实上，由于他们能够进入花园，以及内部空间的复杂性质，精心设计的小型住宅要比他们笨重、考虑不足的邻居要好得多。

Let’s be clear, THAT House is not a small home. It’s not a solution, nor ‘new prototype’ for Australian housing. However within its context THAT House is defiant and resistant. THAT house is a conscious effort to build a home that is almost half the floor area of its neighbours, yet without compromise of spatial types, functions and quality. The anxiety of not having enough, or leaving something out that you may need later, is a real fear. However with good design and planning, modest size homes are not compromising. In fact, due to their access to the garden and the sophisticated nature of their internal spaces, well designed smaller homes are far superior to their bulky, poorly-considered neighbours.

 © Tess Kelly

C.苔丝·凯利

Sustainability

和我们所有的建筑一样，可持续性是这座房子的核心。我们已经优化了所有北向窗户的被动太阳能增益。所有的窗户都是双层玻璃的.我们在西面没有玻璃，在东面没有有限的玻璃。白色屋顶大大减少了城市内部的热沉和传热。高性能绝缘无处不在。随着阴凉处的积极管理，对机械加热和冷却的被动通风要求大大降低。一个大水箱被埋在后院里。所有屋顶的水都会被捕获并重复使用，用来冲洗厕所和给花园浇水。在可能的情况下，我们已经采购当地的贸易，材料和配件。带有微型逆变器的太阳能电池板覆盖了新屋顶。

Like all of our buildings, sustainability is at the core of THAT House. We have optimised passive solar gain into all north facing windows. All windows are double-glazed. We have no glazing on western facades and limited glass on the eastern facades. White roofs drastically reduce urban heat sink and heat transfer internally. High performance insulation is everywhere. Along with active management of shade, and passive ventilation demands on mechanical heating and cooling are drastically reduced. A large water tank has been buried within the rear yard. All roof water is captured and reused to flush toilets and water the garden. Where possible we have sourced local trades, materials and fittings. Solar panels with micro-inverters cover the new roof.

 © Tess Kelly

C.苔丝·凯利

Architects Austin Maynard Architects

Location Melbourne, Australia

Category Houses

Design Team Andrew Maynard, Mark Austin, Kathryne Houchin

Area 255.0 sqm

Project Year 2015

Photographs Tess Kelly