The White House WT Architecture

 © Andrew Lee

(C)李国祥

架构师提供的文本描述。最初的房子在格里斯波尔(粗糙湾)在赫布里迪安岛的科尔，是在17世纪中期由麦克莱恩科尔为他的Tac人，或因子。这是岛上第一座石灰建造的方形墙角房屋，并采用了非正式的名称“白宫”，区别于岛上最基本的“黑房子”。1773年，博斯韦尔和约翰斯顿在他们著名的苏格兰之旅期间在那里娱乐。但是，尽管白宫气势恢宏，但它是建立在沙子上的，在19世纪中期，当它开始裂开的时候，它就被遗弃了。

Text description provided by the architects. The original house at Grishipol (rough bay) on the Hebridean Isle of Coll was built in the mid 1700's by Maclean of Coll for his Tac man, or Factor.  It was the first lime-built square-cornered house on the island and took on the informal name 'The White House' distinguishing it from the basic 'black houses' which were the norm on the island.  In 1773 Boswell and Johnston were entertained there whilst stormbound during their famous tour of Scotland.  But for all its grandeur the White House had been built on sand and was deserted in the mid 1800's as it started to crack.

 First Floor Plan

一层平面图

大约150年后，当亚历克斯和塞纳德·麦克林-布里斯托尔继承这栋建筑时，这座无屋顶废墟中的一些裂缝超过了一英尺宽，但基本结构却奇迹般地完好无损。亚历克斯是在科尔长大的，在离开军队几年后，和妻子塞纳德一起回到岛上的农场。他们热衷于在现场为他们的新家庭建造一座房子，但废墟的性质带来了一个问题。他们应该修复它还是在附近建造一座新房子？正是在这一点上，我们建议不应采取上述任何一种方法，而这一结构的本质被破坏的性质使它具有很大的魔力。因此，我们探索了部分占用废墟的想法，目的是将其他新住所从视觉上分开。但身体上和废墟有关。

When Alex and Seonaid Maclean-Bristol inherited the building some150 years later some of the cracks in the roofless ruin were more than a foot wide but the basic structure remained miraculously intact.   Alex was brought up on Coll and returned to farm on the island with wife Seonaid after  spending some years away in the army.  They were keen to create a house for their new family on the site but the nature of the ruin presented a problem.  Should they restore it or build a new house nearby?  It was at this point that we suggested that neither of these approaches should be taken and that the essential ruined nature of the structure was what gave it much of its magic.  So the idea of partial occupation of the ruin was explored with the intention that other new accommodation would be visually separate but physically connected to the ruin.

 © Andrew Lee

(C)李国祥

原来的房子如画般坐落在富饶的戴尔河上，一直延伸到格里斯波尔湾，石墙的手指从废墟中延伸出来，形成了花园般的围护结构，这导致了新房子的建筑形式-原来的倒塌的墙壁被建造起来，新的围护层被创造出来，以建造避难所，新的住所可以靠在这里。这就导致了新房子的建筑形式。保留原有建筑的齿状性质，同时分解新建筑的堆积如山，并确保它们与原来的建筑保持从属关系。几乎一半的原始房屋将保持无屋顶，成为庭院花园，。保持废墟的魅力。

The original house was picturesquely sited with a commanding presence over the fertile dale leading to Grishipol Bay.  Fingers of stone walls extended from the ruin forming garden-like enclosures and this led to responsive architectural forms for the new house where original tumble-down walls were built up and new enclosures created to create shelter and against which new accommodation could nestle.  This retained the tooth-like nature of the original building whilst breaking down the massing of the new structures and  ensured that they remained subservient to the original building.  Almost half of the original house would remain roofless and become a courtyard garden, preserving the gutsy charm of the ruin.

 © Andrew Lee

(C)李国祥

考虑到裂缝的大小，结构的加固提供了一个挑战，与工程师David Narro Associates共同设计了一个由裸露的不锈钢领带和支撑框架组成的原窗口和壁炉开口系统。没有任何经济手段来关闭主要裂缝，而且人们还认为它们对房子的身份有很大的贡献，他们应该这样做。在可能的情况下予以保留和加强。巩固工作由当地的岛屿建设者TomDavies仔细承担，直到主建筑合同开始时几乎花了一年时间。

Consolidation of the structure provided a challenge given the size of the cracks and a system of exposed stainless steel ties and bracing frames in original window and fireplaces openings was devised with project engineers David Narro Associates.  There was no economic means of closing the main cracks up and it was also felt that they contributed so much to the identity of the house that they should be retained and enhanced where possible.   The consolidation work was carefully undertaken by local island builder Tom Davies and took almost a year up to the point when the main construction contract started.

 © Andrew Lee

(C)李国祥

可悲的是，没有一个岛的建造者足够大来承担建设的主要建设阶段，所以找到合适的承包商导致苏格兰范围的搜索，金古西的Spey大楼和细木工成功地赢得了合同。SBJ把真正的高地人的所有技能和聪明才智都带到了这个项目中，这一选择再成功不过了。远程工作使他们能够按照工作进度安排两周/一周的时间。冬天只需要三艘轮渡，就需要完美的计划。但由于气候和渡轮服务的特殊性，往往会对最完善的计划提出挑战。由于地点偏远，客户提供住宿和餐饮的情况也不寻常，。他们在整个建筑过程中都住在附近的一所农舍里。这可能会造成各种压力和压力，但客户和建筑商的积极态度都意味着巩固了团队，帮助确保了整个团队的顺利和愉快的建设。

Sadly none of the island builders were big enough to take on the main construction phase of the build, so finding the right contractor led to a Scotland-wide search, with Kinghussie based Spey Building and Joinery successfully winning the contract.  This choice could not have been more successful with SBJ bringing all the skill and ingenuity of true Highlanders to the project.  Remote working led them to operate a two week on/one week off schedule to the job.  With only three ferries a week in winter immaculate planning was needed, but the weather and the idiosyncrasies of the ferry service can often challenge the best laid plans.  The remoteness of the site led to the unusual situation of accommodation and catering being provided by the clients, who were living in a nearby farmhouse throughout the build.  This could have caused all sorts of stresses and strains but the positive attitude of both clients and builders alike meant this consolidated the team and helped ensure a smooth and happy build.

 © Andrew Lee

(C)李国祥

在主废墟中建立了一个三层高的入口大厅和楼梯，在墙壁稳定和巩固之后，剩下一半的废墟作为一个无屋顶的庭院。厨房和主卧室占据了原来建筑的其余部分，里面有一堆牙齿状的商店、储藏室、厕所、淋浴房和书房，它们都与玻璃和钢铁楼梯相连。

A three storey high entrance hall and stairway was created in the main ruin, with half of the ruin left as a roofless courtyard, following stabilisation and consolidation of the walls.  A kitchen and master bedroom occupy the remainder of the original building with a tooth-like stack of stores, larder, WC, shower room and study at its core, all connected with a glass and steel stair.

 © Andrew Lee

(C)李国祥

在最初建筑的后面，新的空间，居住和卧室空间，慷慨地延伸到景观中，有着广阔的玻璃窗，吸收了令人惊叹的景观和海景。新的结构在新的厚厚的、干燥的石头围护墙之间栖息，这些墙在房子周围拾起并延伸出原来的围护墙格。一个H形的计划提供了一个非常暴露的地方的外部避难所的口袋。新的石墙从现场回收瓦砾和进口骨料和砖石保持在最低限度，以减少运输和环境成本。

To the rear of the original building new spaces living and bedroom spaces stretch out generously into the landscape with expanses of glazing to suck in the stunning landscape and sea views.  The new structures shelter between the new thick dry stone enclosure walls which pick up on and extend an original lattice of enclosure walls around the house.  An H-shaped plan provides pockets of external shelter on the very exposed site.  The new stone walls recycle rubble from the site and imported aggregate and masonry were kept to a minimum to reduce transportation and environmental costs.

 © Andrew Lee

(C)李国祥

这座建筑是通过一个热交换器加热的，该换热器将由一台即将安装的风力涡轮机供电，这意味着总能量将被输出。

The building is heated through a heat exchanger which will be powered by a soon to be erected wind turbine, meaning that on aggregate power will be exported.

废墟中的主要走廊连接到一个有玻璃墙壁和一个覆盖着刚玉的屋顶的起居室，这座景物与现场的自然植物相呼应。石板铺路从起居室向外延伸到一面朝南的庭院，另一边是朝海边的露台。西边的一个新房间提供了四间卧室、公用空间和一个嵌板的舒适空间，它与主客厅之间由一堵架子隔开。楼梯围绕在这个舒适的空间，直到一个书衬的落地，在那里，一个长长的窗座可以俯瞰巨大的遮挡的西墙，直到亚历克斯的船系泊处。(鼓掌)

The main hallway in the ruin connects through to a living-dining room with glazed walls and a sedum-covered roof, the sedum echoing the natural flora on the site.   Slate paving stretches from the living room inside out to a south-facing courtyard on one side and a seaward facing terrace on the other.  A wing of new rooms to the west provides four further bedrooms, utility spaces, and a panelled snug space, which is separated from the main living room by a wall of shelves. Stairs wrap around this snug space up to a book-lined landing where a long window seat looks out over the big sheltering west wall and down to Alex's boat mooring.

 © Andrew Lee

(C)李国祥

大的开放式房间与更小的舒适、角落和缝隙形成鲜明对比，因此这所房子提供了宽敞和亲密的时刻。尽管它的设计野心很高，但它仍然穿着难为情的家庭农舍。孩子们把玩具砸在墙上，高地的牛们盯着他们在无框玻璃墙中的倒影。这是一所打算住在那里的房子。为了白宫的毁灭，接触和提高生活在一个令人难以置信的地方的经验。

Big open rooms are contrasted with smaller snugs and nooks and crannies for individual retreat so the house offers both expansive and intimate moments.  In spite of its high design ambitions it remains hard-wearing family farmhouse.  Children bash their toys into the walls and Highland cattle peer at their reflections in frameless glass walls.  It is a house intended to live up to the character of the ruin of the White House and to engage with and heighten the experience of living in an incredible place.