© Ronald Tilleman

罗纳德·蒂尔曼

架构师提供的文本描述。经过八个月的翻修，比斯博物馆今年夏天重新向公众开放。博物馆已经完全改变和扩展了一个新的侧翼，开放给它美丽的环境和房子，餐厅和临时展览空间的当代艺术。解释该地区历史发展的永久性展览也已完全改版。博物馆岛上还计划建造一个大型的比斯博斯河模型和一个淡水潮汐公园。建筑、室内、水上模型和淡水潮汐公园由马可·弗梅伦工作室设计，展览由乔伊斯·朗格扎尔工作室设计。

Text description provided by the architects. After an eight-month renovation, the Biesbosch Museum reopened to the public this summer. The museum has been completely transformed and extended with a new wing that opens to its beautiful surroundings and houses a restaurant and temporary exhibition space for contemporary art. The permanent exhibition that explains the historical development of the region has also been totally revamped. A large water model of the Biesbosch and a freshwater tidal park are also planned on the Museum Island. Building, interior, water model and freshwater tidal park were designed by Studio Marco Vermeulen, and the exhibition was designed by Studio Joyce Langezaal.

 © Ronald Tilleman

罗纳德·蒂尔曼

重建理由

Reason for redevelopment

水的安全是比斯博物馆岛发展的关键原因。作为国家水安全计划的一部分，4450公顷的诺德瓦德沼泽地已经变成了一个保水区。比斯博物馆两边的分店都是为了建造一个新的岛屿而挖出来的。

Water safety was the key reason for the development of the Biesbosch Museum Island. As part of a national water safety programme, the 4450-hectare Noordwaard polder has been turned into a water-retention area. Outlets on either side of the Biesbosch Museum were dug to create a new island.

 © Ronald Tilleman

罗纳德·蒂尔曼

对大多数游客来说，Biesbosch博物馆是探索Biesbosch国家公园的起点。然而，这个博物馆已经过时了，不能容纳越来越多的游客。缺乏足够的饮食设施特别紧迫。此外，藏书的列报需要进行一次彻底的改革。2012年，约35，000人参观了博物馆，而在重新开放后的头三个月里，至少有30，000人参观了该建筑群！

For most visitors, the Biesbosch Museum is the starting point for exploring the Biesbosch National Park. The museum, however, was outdated and not equipped to accommodate the growing visitor numbers. A lack of adequate catering facilities was particularly urgent. Moreover, the presentation of the collection needed an overhaul. In 2012, some 35,000 people visited the museum, while in the first three months since the reopening, no fewer than 30,000 people visited the complex!

 © Ronald Tilleman

罗纳德·蒂尔曼

博物馆建筑

Museum Building

为了避免不必要的材料或能源浪费，原有的比斯博物馆展馆的六角形结构被保留下来，并在建筑的西南侧增加了一个新的1000平方米的机翼。以广阔的开窗区域为特色，展翅向岛上的博物馆花园开放。扩建处有一家有机餐厅，可以看到附近的水和景观，以及临时展览的空间。

To avoid any unnecessary waste of material or energy, the hexagonal structure of the original Biesbosch Museum pavilions has been retained, and a new 1000 m2 wing was added on the south-western side of the building. Featuring extensive areas of fenestration, the wing opens to the museum garden on the island. The extension houses an organic restaurant that offers views of the adjacent water and landscape, and space for temporary exhibitions.

 © Ronald Tilleman

罗纳德·蒂尔曼

现有建筑物设有永久性展览、图书馆、多功能剧院、入口区及接待和博物馆商店。游客可以获得比斯博斯国家公园的旅游信息，并购买博物馆和电动船的门票。屋顶上增加了巨大的宿舍楼，为博物馆的办公室、荷兰林业委员会和公园委员会创造了空间。

The existing building houses the permanent exhibition, library, multipurpose theatre, entrance area with reception and museum shop. Visitors can obtain tourist information about the Biesbosch National Park and buy tickets for the museum and electric boats. The addition of large dormers on the roof created space for the museum’s offices, the Dutch Forestry Commission and the Park Board.

 Floor Plan

博物馆的旧的和新的部分被土方工程所包围，并覆盖着草木和草本植物的屋顶。屋顶增加了生态价值，创造了一个雕塑物体，读起来是陆地艺术，同时，也体现在周围的景观中。屋顶上的一个褶皱让位给一条冒险的山路和一个望哨柱。

The old and new sections of the museum are surrounded by earthworks and covered with a roof of grass and herbs. The roof adds ecological value, creating a sculptural object that reads as land art and, at the same time, manifests itself in the surrounding landscape. A fold in the roof gives way to an adventurous mountain trail and a lookout post.

 © Ronald Tilleman

罗纳德·蒂尔曼

新的永久展览提供了一个丰富的历史，比斯博斯的历史，文化和博物馆的收藏。别斯博斯的独特故事在七个展馆中展示，涵盖了从1421年伊丽莎白洪水到现在的休闲区的历史。居民、经济、手工艺和自然在多媒体空间中被展示出来，刺激着所有的感官。原始的电影材料和照片、采访和工具对该地区及其居民进行了个人和生动的描述。

The new permanent exhibition offers a rich overview of the history of the Biesbosch, the culture and the collection of the museum. The unique story of the Biesbosch is displayed in seven pavilions, covering its history from the Elizabeth Flood of 1421 to its current status as a recreational area. The residents, economy, crafts and nature are displayed in multimedia spaces that stimulate all senses. Original film material and photographs, interviews and tools present a personal and vivid account of the area and its residents.

 © Ronald Tilleman

罗纳德·蒂尔曼

新机翼和现有体积都是为了减少能源消耗而设计的。玻璃前装有最先进的耐热玻璃，不需要百叶窗.西北面的土方工程和绿色屋顶起到了额外的隔热和热缓冲作用。在寒冷的日子里，一个生物质炉子通过地板加热将建筑物保持在适当的温度。在温暖的日子里，河水通过同样的管道来冷却建筑物。

Both the new wing and existing volume are designed to minimize energy consumption. The glass front is fitted with state-of-the-art heat-resistant glass that eliminates the need for blinds. The earthworks on the north-western side and the green roof serve as additional insulation and a heat buffer. On cold days, a biomass stove maintains the building at the right temperature through floor heating. On warm days, water from the river flows through the same piping to cool the building.

 © Ronald Tilleman

罗纳德·蒂尔曼

柳树过滤器

Willow Filter

卫生废水是通过柳树过滤器净化的：荷兰的第一次，也是对Biesbosch柳条文化的认可。柳树吸收废水及其所含的物质，其中包括氮和磷酸盐。这些物质起到营养作用，帮助柳树生长。净化后的水被排入邻近的湿地地区，并从那里流入河流。一旦柳树被锯干，木材就可以在博物馆的生物质炉或其他用途中用作燃料。

Sanitary wastewater is purified through a willow filter: the first in the Netherlands and an acknowledgement of the wicker culture of the Biesbosch. Willows absorb the wastewater and the substances it contains, among them nitrogen and phosphate. These substances act as nutrients and help the willow to grow. The purified water is discharged into the adjacent wetland area and flows from there into the river. Once the willows are sawn and dried, the wood can be used as fuel in the biomass stove in the museum or for other purposes.

 © Ronald Tilleman

罗纳德·蒂尔曼

比斯博斯

Specific to the Biesbosch

博物馆利用该地区的许多资源，不仅用于能源供应和水处理，而且还用于微酿餐厅的菜单。此外，博物馆可以依靠数十名志愿者的承诺，其中许多人过去曾在比斯博什工作过。即使是参与重建的承建商和建筑工人，也大多来自邻近地区。

The museum uses many resources available in the area, not only for its energy supply and water treatment, but also for the menu in the microbrew restaurant. Moreover, the museum can count on the commitment of dozens of volunteers, many of whom have worked in the Biesbosch in the past. Even most of the contractors and construction workers involved in the redevelopment come from the immediate area.

 © Ronald Tilleman

罗纳德·蒂尔曼

Biesbosch在收集和加工天然材料方面有着丰富的历史，是以生物为基础的先锋派。因此，博物馆为艺术提供空间，最好是由比斯博斯河本身的天然材料制成，在新翼和岛上。

The Biesbosch has a rich history in harvesting and processing natural materials and is bio-based avant la lettre. The museum therefore provides space for art, preferably made of natural materials from the Biesbosch itself, in the new wing and on the island.

在上个世纪中叶，令人印象深刻的鲟鱼和鲑鱼从比斯博斯河的水域消失了。随着Haringvliet船闸的打开和河水的清洁，这些独特物种返回的可能性增加了。餐厅的室内池塘暗示着鲟鱼的回归。

Midway through the last century, the impressive sturgeon and salmon disappeared from the waters of the Biesbosch. With the opening of the Haringvliet locks and the cleaner water in the river, the likelihood of a return of these distinctive species has increased. The indoor pond at the restaurant hints at the return of the sturgeon.

 © Ronald Tilleman

罗纳德·蒂尔曼

淡水潮汐公园

Freshwater Tidal Park

这座博物馆岛将于2016年春天建成，它是岛上一个淡水潮汐公园，通过一条新挖的小溪接收河水。由于沿河河岸的缓坡，潮汐和水位的季节性变化是可以清楚地经历的。斜坡还创造了丰富的动植物多样性，使每一次访问岛上将是不同的。蜿蜒的小径提供了通往该岛的通道，由于水位的变化，该岛的外观不断变化。

The Museum Island, which will be realized in the spring of 2016, is a freshwater tidal park on the island that receives river water through a newly dug creek. The tides and seasonal variations in water levels can be clearly experienced thanks to the gentle slope of the banks along the creek. The slopes also create a rich diversity of flora and fauna, so that every visit to the island will be different. A meandering path provides access to the island, which continuously changes in appearance because of the changing water levels.

 © Ronald Tilleman

罗纳德·蒂尔曼

Biesbosch经验

Biesbosch Experience

“比斯博斯体验”将于2016年春天在博物馆岛实现。Biesbosch的这一尺度模型，包括沼泽、堤坝和溪流，解释了水位高时该地区的水管理功能和重要性。在半个小时的周期内，水从“极低”变为“极高”。儿童和成年人可以通过操作各种锁来改变水的方向。

The 'Biesbosch Experience' will be realized on the Museum Island in the spring of 2016. This scale model of the Biesbosch, with polders, dikes and streams, explains the water management function and importance of the area when water levels are high. Within a half-hour cycle, the water changes from ‘extremely low’ to ‘extremely high’. Children and adults are able to alter the course of the water by operating various kinds of locks.

德潘内科露天博物馆

De Pannekoek Open-Air Museum

河对岸的露天博物馆有一棵柳树，名为“犯罪人”，游客可以在那里退一步。游客还可以看到鸭子诱饵、柳树和芦苇制成的小屋以及海狸小屋。

The open-air museum on the other side of the river features a wood of willows called a ‘griend’where visitors can step back in time. Visitors can also see a duck decoy, a hut made of willows and reeds, and a beaver lodge.

Architects Studio Marco Vermeulen

Location De Hilweg 2, 4251 MT Werkendam, The Netherlands

Category Museum

Area 1300.0 sqm

Project Year 2015

Photographs Ronald Tilleman