© Marcel van der Burg

马塞尔·范德伯格

架构师提供的文本描述。茶馆‘Tuin van Noord’是一个由当地居民发起的小规模、低成本的项目。它作为一个社区聚集地，位于荷兰历史名城莱顿(NL)的一个当地公园。茶馆设有一个座位区、一个厨房、一个可以借来户外游戏的空间，以及一个多功能空间，既可供临时展览当地物品-即所谓的邻里博物馆-也可用于会议。

Text description provided by the architects. Tea house 'Tuin van Noord' is a small scale, low-budget project initiated by local residents. It functions as a community gathering place located in a local park in Leiden (NL), a historic city in the Netherlands. The tea house accommodates a seating area, a kitchen, a space from where outdoor games can be borrowed and a multifunctional space intended both for temporary exhibitions of local objects - a so-called neighbourhood museum - and meetings.

 © Marcel van der Burg

马塞尔·范德伯格

该项目于2011年启动，由多个荷兰基金赞助，其中包括1818法国法郎、VSB FRODS、Druckerfonds和Leiden市。

The project was initiated in 2011 and is sponsored by several Dutch funds including Fonds 1818, VSB fonds, Druckerfonds, and the municipality of Leiden.

 Floor Plan

茶馆位于当地一座正在恢复活力的公园内，目的是让它在该地区发挥更大的中心作用，并提高其在社区中的“绿色心脏”的作用。

The tea house is situated in a local park that is being revitalised in order to give it a more central function in the district and to improve its role as 'a green heart' in the neighbourhood.

 © Marcel van der Burg

马塞尔·范德伯格

茶馆，几乎完全由预制的结构木制元素，有三条腿的形状。在中间-在三条腿相交的地方-座位区域处于位置，因此强调了它的中心功能。四面八方的大窗户使人们可以朝各个方向看，并能在公园里看到全景。这三条腿本身包括另一个项目：最短腿的邻里博物馆，厨房，游戏借用点，入口处和卫生间在两条较长的腿上。

The tea house, almost completely made of prefabricated structural wooden elements, has a three-legged shape. In the middle - where the three legs meet - the seating area is situated, thus emphasizing its central function. Large windows on all sides make it possible to look in every direction and to experience a panoramic view on the park. The three legs themselves include the other program: the neighbourhood museum in the shortest leg, the kitchen, the games-to-borrow point, the entrance and lavatory in the two longer legs.

 © Marcel van der Burg

马塞尔·范德伯格

为了使它成为一个整体，这三条腿夹在大型水平平面之间：木屋顶和露台。屋顶和地板都是延伸的，以创造一个内部和外部之间的连续性的感觉。两个平面的弯曲内角使形状变软，使其更加流畅。作为对公园内独立位置的合乎逻辑的回应，茶馆的形状是全方位的，没有传统的正面或背面。

To make it a whole, the three legs are sandwiched between large horizontal planes: the wooden roof and the terrace. Both roof and floor are extended in order to create a sensation of continuity between interior and exterior. The curved inner corners of both planes soften the shape and make it more fluid. As a logical response to its freestanding position in the park, the tea house has an all-round shape; it doesn't have a traditional front or back side.

 © Marcel van der Burg

马塞尔·范德伯格

建筑系统与可持续设计

Building system and sustainable design

在可持续性方面，一个独特的因素是使用可再生的可持续生产的木材制成的可重复使用、可拆卸和大规模的木结构。在设计中，探索了大量跨层木材的可能性，并充分利用了这种材料的建筑潜力。

A distinctive element in terms of sustainability is the use of a reusable, demountable and massive wooden construction made of renewable en sustainable produced wood. In the design the possibilities of massive cross-layered wood have been explored and the architectural  potential of this material has been fully exploited.

 Structure Diagram

用简单的和被动的解决方案代替了复杂的安装技术，实现了良好的能源性能。例如，建筑物由高度绝缘的墙壁和玻璃系统组成，并在白天最佳地利用自然光。弯曲屋顶的伸长尺寸与太阳的位置和角度相适应，这降低了夏季太阳辐射的加热效果，但在其他较冷的季节，当太阳位置较低时，则利用太阳能。对于加热，使用了一个简单的低加热温度系统。屋顶设有绿色植被，支持和改善水管理、隔热、吸热和生物多样性。

Instead of complex installation techniques, simple and passive solutions have been used to realise a good energy performance. For example, the building consists of highly insulated walls and glazing systems and it makes optimal use of natural light during the day. The size of the extension of the curved roof is adapted to the position and angle of the sun, which decreases the heating effect of solar-radiation during summer, yet it makes use of solar energy during other colder seasons when the position of the sun is low. For heating a simple low heating temperature system is used. The roof is provided with green vegetation which supports and improves water management, insulation, heat absorption and bio-diversity.

 © Marcel van der Burg

马塞尔·范德伯格

社会目标

Social aims

该项目的主要目标之一是加强当地居民之间的社会凝聚力和相互尊重。在这方面，茶馆在联系邻里不同的人方面起着重要的作用，老人和年轻人、生气勃勃和易受伤害的人、当地人和移民都可以在茶馆里见面。此外，茶馆通过组织范围广泛的活动，使当地人有机会更多地参与社会，并为社区的宜居性和社会素质作出贡献。

One of the main aims of the project is to strengthen social cohesion and mutual respect amongst local residents. In this regard the tea house plays an important role in connecting different people in the neighbourhood; old and young, vital and vulnerable, natives and immigrants can meet in the tea house. Also, by organizing a wide range of activities the tea house offers the opportunity for locals to get more involved in society and contribute to the liveability and social qualities of the neighbourhood.

 © Marcel van der Burg

马塞尔·范德伯格

茶馆是由当地居民管理的基金会拥有的，这一原则受到英国所谓的“信托”的启发。该基金会是一个非营利组织，任何利润都会通过组织活动、维护绿地等方式重新投资于社区。

The tea house is owned by a foundation which is managed by local residents, a principle inspired by so-called "trusts" in England. The foundation is a non-profit organisation, any profit is reinvested in the neighbourhood by organizing activities, maintenance of green areas, etcetera.

 © Marcel van der Burg

马塞尔·范德伯格

Architects GAAGA

Location Joop Vervoornpad 1, 2316 EP Leiden, The Netherlands

Category Community Center

Design Team Esther Stevelink, Arie Bergsma, Maaike van der Veer

Project Year 2015

Photographs Marcel van der Burg