Nanjing Wanjing Garden Chapel AZL Architects

2014-10-12 01:00

架构师提供的文本描述。该项目是一个200平方米的小教堂，位于南京滨江边的万京花园。由南京协和神学院的牧师主持，支持宗教活动，如礼拜和婚礼。这木结构和钢结构礼拜堂具有温和的外部形状，以及强大的内部空间，注入神秘的宗教力量。它朴素的材料在表达微妙的建筑逻辑方面不失为一种失败的表现。

Text description provided by the architects. The project - a 200 square meter small chapel, is located in Wanjing Garden along Nanjing’s Riverfront. Hosted by priests from Nanjing Union Theological Seminary, it supports religious activities like worship and wedding services. This wood and steel structured chapel has gentle exterior shape as well as strong interior space infused with mysterious religious power. Its plain material doesn’t fail in expressing the delicate construction logic.

最早的和基本的教会空间有两个相互关联的倾向-中心和深度。大教堂的中心地位和大教堂的深轴心都是在早期的基督教建筑中继承下来的。在现代主义时期，教会空间的中心对称和轴对称不那么突出，这与保护者对天主教等级制度的排斥有着密切的关系。

The earliest and fundamental church space has two interrelated tendencies- Center and depth. Both the centrality from the Pantheon and the deep axis of the Basilica was inherited in the early Christian Architecture. The central and axial symmetry of church space became less prominent during the Modernism period, which was closely related to the Protectants’ rejection of Catholic Hierarchy.

 Floor Plan

在万京花园礼拜堂的设计中，建筑师并没有刻意拒绝古典空间序列的“中心性”和“深度”。在计划中，它有一个八角形的中央大厅，周围是方形的走廊。在剖面上，屋顶轮廓和天窗狭长的使用放大了空间的深度，并强调了所有轴交汇的神圣空间的最高点。

In the design of Wanjing Garden Chapel, the architect didn’t purposefully reject the “centrality” and “depth” of classical space sequence. In plan, it has an octagonal central hall surrounded by square shaped corridors. In section, the use of roof profile and the long slit of skylight amplify the depth of space and emphasize on the high point over the sacred space where all axis meet.

木制走廊形成了一个独特的双层外壳的中心大厅空间。内壳更加封闭，只留下自然光透过屋顶和墙壁上的开口。外壳，由精致的SPF条组成，作为外部视野的过滤器，意味着宗教空间体验的开始。双壳系统创造了一个独特有趣的东方建筑空间，它不同于传统石礼堂的“封闭”，也不同于现代建筑的“开放性”。这个小礼拜堂有一个完美的方形计划。即使用45度转弯将内部空间与外部结构连接起来，广场仍保持高度整合性、对称性和中心性。该方案中隐藏的对角线轴也延伸到屋面结构，实现了空间、材料和动力的完整。

The wooden corridor forms a unique double shell of the central hall space. The inner shell is more closed, leaving natural light to penetrate only through openings on roof and walls. The outer shell, composed of delicate SPF strips, serves as a filter of the view outside, implying the start of a religious spatial experience. The double shell system creates a uniquely interesting oriental architectural space that’s different from the “closeness” of traditional stone chapel, or the “openness” of modern architecture. The small chapel has a perfectly square shaped plan. Even with the 45-degree turning connecting inner space to exterior structure, the square remains highly integrated, symmetrical and center oriented. Hidden diagonal axis in the plan also extends to the roof structure, realizing a complete integrity of space, material and power.

“…上帝是光明的，在他里面根本没有黑暗。“

“…God is light, and in him is no darkness at all.”

-1“约翰圣经”

- 1 John Bible

“光”是教堂空间宗教表达中的一个重要主题。在这一特殊的设计中，光线从高架上方的天窗投射到大厅的中心，并从圣殿墙上的圣十字后面穿透进来。这300毫米宽的光带是室内空间最强大的定义元素。其他的自然光通过木材条轻轻进入墙上的开口。

“Light” is an important theme in the religious expressions of church space. In this particular design, light falls through the strip skylight right above the axis of alter into the center of the hall, and also penetrate from behind the holy cross on the alter wall. The presentation of this 300 mm wide light strip is the most powerful defining element of the interior space. Other natural light comes gently through the wood strips into the openings on the wall.

 Exploded Isometric

爆炸等距

在紧张的项目进度和有限的预算下，“轻”施工策略是明智的选择。屋顶结构，按照“廉价”的材料-自然光，为整个空间增添了表现力。所有的内部表面都是白色的，强调光和空间的主导作用。外表的木条和沥青瓦留在了它们的自然颜色，强调了自然的重要性。

“Light” construction strategy is a wise choice under tight project schedule and limited budget. Roof structure, in accordance with the “cheap” material- natural light, adds expressiveness to the entire space. All interior surfaces are painted white, emphasizing the leading role of light and space. The exterior wood strips and asphalt shingles are left in their natural color, emphasizing the importance of nature.

教堂周围的防晒带非常精致，其长度与半径之比可达1：120，大大超过了正常的承载能力。随着长度长达12米，截面面积只有38*89毫米，带连接到屋顶和地面的金属部分在两端，保持他们理想的拉伸状态。相邻的木条也与U形金属部件相连，以确保稳定性.它们一起实现了一种金属-木材结构，在材料选择和安装上非常简单。

The SPF strips surrounding the church are so delicate that their length-to-radius ratio could be 1:120, largely exceeding the normal load bearing. With length as long as 12 meters and section area only 38*89 mm, the strips are connected to the roof and ground by metal parts at both ends, keeping them in their ideal stretching status. Adjacent wood strips are also connected with U-shape metal parts to insure stability. These together achieved a metal-wood structure that’s extremely simple in material selection and installation.

作为一个功能非常简单的宗教机构，这个小礼拜堂有着过于“理想”的空间，不能归因于任何特定的风格，而是“包容一切的本性”。

As a religious institution with very simple functions, this small chapel has its overly “ideal” space that couldn’t attribute to any particular style, but “the nature that tolerates all.”