Brazilian Campinarana House created by Laurent Troost Architectures with the need for climate protection in mind 由LaurentTroost架构创建的巴西CampinaraanaHouse，需要考虑到气候保护

2019-09-02 10:34

On a beautifully green plot of land in Manaus, Brazil, a stunning, almost treehouse-like residence was recently completed by innovative teams at Laurent Troost Architectures, dubbing it Campinarana House!

在巴西曼纽斯的一个美丽的土地上，一个令人叹为观止的、几乎树屋状的住宅最近由LaurentTroost建筑的创新团队完成，配音为CampinaranaHouse！

Building a home in the Amazon’s surrounding area comes with its own unique set of challenges. Firstly, it is absolutely necessary for environmental protection and climate change purposes that architects and building teams use low impact strategies in the construction processes in order to protect the crucially important natural landscapes around the plots they’re working on.

在亚马逊的周边地区建造一个家，有其独特的挑战。 首先，为了环境保护和气候变化的目的，建筑师和建筑团队在施工过程中使用低影响策略是绝对必要的，以保护他们正在工作的地块周围至关重要的自然景观。

Additionally, the actual local climate present in places like Brazil, and Manaus specifically, makes it important for design teams to account for the possibility of extreme weather conditions, since the whole area sits in an equatorial zone. Impressively, the teams working on Campinarana House achieved both of these goals and prioritized all of the needs covered by these challenges!

此外，像巴西这样的地方存在的实际当地气候，特别是Manus，使得设计团队必须考虑极端天气条件的可能性，因为整个地区都位于赤道地带。令人印象深刻的是，在CampinaraanaHouse工作的团队实现了这两个目标，并将这些挑战所涵盖的所有需求列为优先事项！

Throughout the house, the architectural practices and building techniques used and featured are all ones geared towards effective thermal comfort and passive (and therefore “green”) sustainability. Campinarana House is built from an unique and cutting edge combination of protective eaves, cross-ventilation openings, and preservation mechanisms for the local ecological systems surrounding the house itself.

在整个房子，建筑实践和建筑技术的使用和特点都是面向有效的热舒适性和被动式(因此“绿色”)的可持续性。Campinarana屋是由保护屋檐、交叉通风开口和保护房屋周围的当地生态系统的保护机制组成的独特和尖端的组合而建造的。

In fact, the entire house was actually inspired by, and not just named after, local environmental elements. Campinarana is actually a type of small tree found in the Amazon, known for growing in shallow, clay-like soil. The concept of preserving these trees and the soil they thrive in was central to the whole design of this housing project!

事实上，整个房子实际上受到了当地环境元素的启发，而不仅仅是命名的。Campinarana实际上是在亚马逊河中发现的一种小树，它被称为在浅的、粘土样的土壤中生长。保存这些树木的概念以及它们在这一住房项目的整个设计过程中茁壮成长的土壤是至关重要的！

The minimization of deforestation required by building this project was absolutely paramount to both the design teams and the owners. Instead, they wanted to preserve as much of the surrounding forest as they possibly could. This is partially what determined the shape and layout of the house; designers wanted to build between, around, above, and through the trees rather than clearing them out to build in the space where they once stood. The effect was that they aimed to work with the space that was naturally provided rather than making any new space.

建设这个项目所需的森林砍伐的最小化对于设计团队和业主来说都是绝对重要的。相反，他们想尽可能多地保护周围的森林。这在一定程度上决定了房子的形状和布局；设计师们想要在树木之间、周围、上面和树丛之间建造房子，而不是把它们清理出去，在曾经矗立的地方建造。其结果是，它们的目标是与自然提供的空间合作，而不是创造任何新的空间。

In practice, this resulted in a sort of “layout flip” to what’s typical, or a reversal of more classic housing typologies. Within the 20 x 40 square metre plot, the house grows upwards into the trees, rather than outwards through their trunks and roots. The private and sleeping rooms, which are more typically put upstairs, are located on the ground floor, while the shared living spaces, outdoor seating areas, kitchen, and swimming pool are all located on the upper deck, where they could be created a little more spaciously without interrupting the natural and crucial landscape.

实际上，这导致了一种对什么是典型的或更经典的住房类型的逆转的“布局翻转”。在20x40平方米的地块内，房屋被向上生长到树木中，而不是通过它们的trunks和根向外生长。通常在楼上的私人和卧室位于一楼，而共用的生活空间、室外座位区、厨房和游泳池都位于上层甲板上，在那里他们可以在不中断自然和关键景观的情况下更宽敞地创建。

The house, which exists as two distinct but cohesive volumes, was strategically divided to harness the power of natural heating and cooler powers offered by the climate it exists in. For example, the top portion of the house was purposely built to house functions that benefit from sun exposure, like the pool, the entryway, and the laundry. The lower volume, however, was built as a refuge for those places that would do better with protection from harsh sunlight. This keeps the bedrooms, for example, cooler, quieter, and more private.

住宅作为两个不同但有凝聚力的体积，在战略上被划分为利用它存在的气候所提供的自然加热和冷却能力的力量。例如，住宅的顶部是故意建造的，以容纳从阳光照射中受益的功能，比如游泳池、入口通道和洗衣房。然而，较低的体积被建造为那些能更好地保护免受恶劣阳光影响的地方的避难所。这可以让卧室，例如，冷却器，更安静，更私人。

Effective cross-ventilation is also essential to the passive heating and cooling systems of the house. This accounts for the strategic placement of closed and open-air spaces on the top level, as well as the presence of large windows or glass walls and how they move on the lower floor. This keeps thermal elements of the house under control, which in turn keeps the house as a whole very low in its energy consumption levels, and therefore enables it to have a lower impact on the environment.

有效的交叉通风对于住宅的被动加热和冷却系统也是必不可少的。这说明了在顶层的封闭和开放空气空间的战略布置，以及大窗口或玻璃壁的存在以及它们在下地板上移动的方式。这在控制下保持了房屋的热元件，这又使房屋整体保持在其能耗水平上非常低，因此能够对环境产生较低的影响。

The decor scheme of the house is simple, natural, and clean. Glass is used heavily in order to create a visual blending of indoor and outdoor spaces, letting the house exist in and around the trees in a way that feels and looks impressively seamless. Polished concrete, black marble, and wood make up most of the rest of the home’s natural materiality. Decor is quite minimalist, but not in a way that feels cold or under done. Instead, it lets the lush greenery right outside the glass walls feel like a part of the home and take centre stage in establishing the colours and aesthetics of the home’s experience.

这所房子的装饰方案简单、自然、干净。玻璃被大量使用，以创造室内和室外空间的视觉融合，让房子以一种令人印象深刻的无缝的感觉和外观存在于树木内部和周围。磨光的混凝土、黑色大理石和木材构成了家里的大部分自然物质性。装潢是相当简约的，但并不是以一种感觉冷或做得不够的方式。相反，它让郁郁葱葱的绿色植物在外面的玻璃墙感觉像一个家庭的一部分，并采取中心舞台在建立色彩和美学的家的经验。